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Effect of counter current gas phase on liquid film

Shujuan LUO, Huaizhi LI, Weiyang FEI, Yundong WANG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第2期页码 135-137 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0129-1

摘要： Liquid film flow is very important in many industrial applications. However, there are few reports about its characteristics on structured packings. Therefore, in this paper, liquid film phenomena were investigated experimentally to exploit new approaches for intensifying the performance of the structured packings. All experiments were performed at room temperature. Water and air were the working fluids. The effect of counter current gas phase on the liquid film was taken into consideration. A high speed camera, a non-intrusive measurement technique, was used. It is shown that both liquid and gas phases have strong effects on film characteristics. In the present work, liquid film width increased by 57% because of increasing liquid flow rate, while it decreased by 25% resulting from the counter current gas phase.

关键词： counter current liquid film two phases structured packings

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Application of high-speed counter-current chromatography coupled with high performance liquid chromatography

Shengguo DENG, Zeyuan DENG, Yawei FAN, Jing LI, Rong LIU, Dongmei XIONG,

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第4期页码 375-382 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0247-9

摘要： Quercetin-3--sambubioside Quercetin-3--β-D-xylopyranosyl (1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside was separated and purified by semi-preparative high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) with a two-phase-solvent system composed of ethyl acetate-n-butanol–water (4∶1∶5, v/v) from the leaves of (Lotus). A total of 5.0mg of the targeted compound with a purity of 98.6% as determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was obtained from 100m g of the crude extract cleaned up by AB-8 macroporous resin in a one-step separation. Quercetin-3--sambubioside was a novel flavonoid glycoside from the leaves of , and its chemical structure was identified by means of ESI-MS, 1D NMR and 2D NMR.

关键词： two-phase-solvent flavonoid glycoside high-speed counter-current macroporous counter-current chromatography

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Development of a cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) counter using a laser and charge-coupled device (CCD

Mikyung PARK, Jinkwan OH, Kihong PARK

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第3期页码 313-319 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0346-y

摘要： A continuous flow streamwise thermal gradient cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) counter with an aerosol focusing and a laser-charge-coupled device (CCD) camera detector system was developed here. The counting performance of the laser-CCD camera detector system was evaluated by comparing its measured number concentrations with those measured with a condensation particle counter (CPC) using polystyrene latex (PSL) and NaCl particles of varying sizes. The CCD camera parameters (e.g. brightness, gain, gamma, and exposure time) were optimized to detect moving particles in the sensing volume and to provide the best image to count them. The CCN counter worked well in the particle number concentration range of 0.6–8000 #·cm and the minimum detectable size was found to be 0.5 μm. The supersaturation in the CCN counter with varying temperature difference was determined by using size-selected sodium chloride particles based on K?hler equation. The developed CCN counter was applied to investigate CCN activity of atmospheric ultrafine particles at 0.5% supersaturation. Data showed that CCN activity increased with increasing particle size and that the higher CCN activation for ultrafine particles occurred in the afternoon, suggesting the significant existence of hygroscopic or soluble species in photochemically-produced ultrafine particles.

关键词： aerosol cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) counter ultrafine particle

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Thermodynamic performance experiment and cooling number calculation of a counter-flow spray humidifier

WANG Yuzhang, LI Yixing, WENG Shilie, WANG Yonghong

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第1期页码 43-47 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0005-6

摘要： An experimental investigation of the thermodynamic performance of a counter-flow spray humidifier was conducted on the basis of theoretical analysis of the heat and mass transfer mechanism inside the humidifier. Critical parameters such as the temperature and relative humidity of air and the temperature of water at the inlet and outlet were measured. The influence of every measured parameter on the thermal performance of the humidifier was obtained under different experimental conditions. The cooling number, whose variation was also obtained, was calculated according to the measured data. The experimental results show that both the temperature and the temperature increment of outlet humid air and the temperature of outlet water increase with an increase of the water-gas ratio, whereas the cooling number decreases. Under all experimental conditions, the outlet humid air reaches or is close to the saturation level. The lower cooling number is favorable for the system, but it has an optimal value for a certain humidifier.

关键词： temperature increment counter-flow experimental investigation temperature water-gas

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Finite element modeling of counter-roller spinning for large-sized aluminum alloy cylindrical parts

Dawei ZHANG, Fan LI, Shuaipeng LI, Shengdun ZHAO

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第14卷第3期页码 351-357 doi: 10.1007/s11465-019-0528-z

摘要： Counter-roller spinning (CRS), where the mandrel is replaced by rollers, is an effective means of manufacturing large-sized, thin-walled, cylindrical parts with more than 2500 mm diameter. CRS is very complex because of multi-axis rotation, multi-local loading along the circumference, and radial-axial compound deformation. Analytical or experimental methods cannot fully understand CRS. Meanwhile, numerical simulation is an adequate approach to investigate CRS with comprehensive understanding and a low cost. Thus, a finite element (FE) model of CRS was developed with the FORGE code via meshing technology, material modeling, determining the friction condition, and so on. The local fine mesh moving with the roller is one of highlights of the model. The developed 3D-FE model was validated through a CRS experiment by using a tubular blank with a 720 mm outer diameter. The developed 3D-FE model of CRS can provide a basis for parameter optimization, process control, die design, and so on. The data on force and energy predicted by the 3D-FE model can offer reasonable suggestions for determining the main mechanical parameters of CRS machines and selecting the motors. With the predicted data, an all-electric servo-drive system/machine with distributed power was designed in this work for CRS with four pairs of rollers to manufacture a large-sized, thin-walled, cylindrical part with 6000 mm diameter.

关键词： large-sized cylindrical part counter-roller spinning aluminum alloy finite element method distributed power

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The Development Situation, Future and Counter Measures of Remanufacturing Industry in China

Wen-qiang Liu,Jun-yuan Mo,Cheng-kui Gu

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2016年第3卷第2期页码 123-131 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016021

摘要： Currently, resource supply and demand contradiction, and over-loaded environment capacity have become a bottleneck for sustainable economic development in China. Electro-mechanical products are approaching a peak of obsolescence, and massive abandoned electro-mechanical products are causing severe environmental pollution, huge waste of resources and potential safety hazard. Remanufacturing is repairing or modifying worn mechanical products using high-tech method, which buffers the contradiction between wasting and shortage of resources, and brings industry towards a comprehensive utilization of resource and environmental protection. As a new strategic industry, remanufacturing, which is highly coherent with the development strategy of the circular economy, is still in its infancy in China. This paper analyzes the developmental trends and problems of the remanufacturing industry in China, and proposes promoting measures based on the engineering practices of remanufacturing.

关键词： remanufacturing industry measures development

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用于图像融合基于混合全加器和计数器的高效华莱士树型乘法器 Research Articles

Ayoub SADEGHI, Nabiollah SHIRI, Mahmood RAFIEE, Mahsa TAHGHIGH

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第23卷第6期页码 950-965 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2100432

摘要：

提出一种新的基于计数器的华莱士树（CBW）8×8乘法器。乘法器的计数器使用基于传输门技术的新型混合全加器单元。所提全加器、基于传输门的与门和混合半加器生成M:3（4≤M≤7）数字计数器，能够节省至少50%的面积。通过90 nm技术仿真证明所提全加器和数字计数器在不同条件下均优于当前最先进设计。通过使用所提单元，CBW乘法器表现出高驱动、低功耗和高速性能。CBW乘法器在焊盘中的芯片面积为0.0147 mm2。后布局提取证明了实验的准确性。同时提出一种图像融合机制，其中MATLAB和HSPICE之间的直接接口用于在图像处理应用中评估所提CBW乘法器。峰值信噪比和结构相似性指数度量被用作图像质量参数，结果证实所提CBW乘法器可以替代文献中的设计。

关键词：全加器；传输门；计数器；乘法器；三维布局；图像融合

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Numerical analysis of 3-D unsteady flow in a vaneless counter-rotating turbine

ZHAO Qingjun, WANG Huishe, ZHAO Xiaolu, XU Jianzhong

《能源前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第3期页码 352-358 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0053-3

摘要： To reveal the unsteady flow characteristics of a vaneless counter-rotating turbine (VCRT), a three-dimensional, viscous, unsteady computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis was performed. The results show that unsteady simulation is superior to steady simulation because more flow characteristics can be obtained. The unsteady effects in upstream airfoil rows are weaker than those in downstream airfoil rows in the VCRT. The static pressure distribution along the span in the pressure surface of a high pressure turbine stator is more uniform than that in the suction surface. The static pressure distributions along the span in the pressure surfaces and the suction surfaces of a high pressure turbine rotor and a low pressure turbine rotor are all uneven. The numerical results also indicate that the load of a high pressure turbine rotor will increase with the increase of the span. The deviation is very big between the direction of air flow at the outlet of a high pressure turbine rotor and the axial direction. A similar result can also be obtained in the outlet of a low pressure turbine rotor. This means that the specific work of a high pressure turbine rotor and a low pressure turbine rotor is big enough to reach the design objectives.

关键词： unsteady flow three-dimensional pressure distribution similar result unsteady simulation

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基于量子点元胞自动机的低能耗、高速度和高效面积时序电路：T型锁存器和计数器研究 Research Article

Mohammad GHOLAMI1,Zaman AMIRZADEH2

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第24卷第3期页码 457-469 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200361

摘要：量子点元胞自动机（QCA）是一种用于实现纳米数字电路的新型纳米技术。这种纳米技术在速度、面积和功耗方面都优于互补金属氧化物半导体（CMOS）技术，并且可以显著改善各种逻辑电路设计。本文提出一种在QCA技术中实现T型锁存器的新方法，该方法利用了QCA在时序和时钟相位上的固有特征，因此，所提单元结构与现有方法相比占用面积更少，功耗更低。与之前的最佳设计相比，该T型锁存器的占用面积减少6.45%，功耗降低44.49%。此外，本文首次设计了基于复位的T型锁存器和具有置位和复位功能的T型锁存器。基于所提T型锁存器，开发了一种新型3位计数器，与之前的最佳设计相比减少2.14%的单元数。在3位计数器的基础上，设计了4位计数器，与之前的设计相比，减少0.51%的单元数和4.16%的截面积。此外还引入两个选择性计数器，分别从0到5和从2到5进行计数。在相干矢量引擎模式下，使用QCADesigner和QCAPro软件进行模拟，并将所提电路与相关设计在延迟、单元数、面积和漏电功率方面进行了比较。

关键词：量子点元胞自动机（QCA）；量子点；T型锁存器；T型触发器；计数器；选择性计数器；QCADesigner软件；QCAPro软件

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Effect of current density on groundwater arsenite removal performance using air cathode electrocoagulation

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1399-1

摘要：

• With the same charge, current density had little effect on As(III) removal in ACEC.

关键词： Electrocoagulation Air cathode Arsenic Current density Energy consumption

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面临挑战和机遇的中国花卉业

陈俊愉

《中国工程科学》 2002年第4卷第10期页码 17-20

摘要：

指出花卉业是朝阳产业，比较分析了我国花卉业与世界花卉业之特点与异同。以1999年我国首次举办’99昆明世界园艺博览会（园）为例，指出事实证明中国园林花卉业达到国际一流是可能的，但在“中华特色”上尚需大力加强。中国园林花卉业亟待加强领导、明确方向、扬长避短、全面复兴。剖析了中国花卉业“入世”后面临的严峻挑战，找到了“花卉新四化”的方向——认为这是顶着压力、抓住机遇的最佳对策。在五六十年内达到先进国家花卉业现有水平，是可能的，中国花卉业定要实现全面复兴，用几十年时间走完西方二三百年之路：即从世界园林之母的资源优势，达到并发挥全球花卉王国的生产与经营优势。

关键词：挑战机遇对策花卉花卉业前景

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EGG PRODUCTION IN CHINA: CURRENT STATUS AND OUTLOOK

Ning YANG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第1期页码 25-34 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020363

摘要： Eggs are one of the most nutritious and affordable animal products worldwide. From 1985, egg production in China has retained the leading place in the world. A total of 33 Mt of eggs were produced in 2019 representing ˃ 40% of the world total production. Egg production in China is characterized by diversity in several aspects, including layer breeds, products and production systems. New breeds and synthetic lines are developed to improve the genetic potentials of egg production and feed efficiency of layers. In the past, layer farms were run mostly by small households with 100 to 1000 layers per farm. Over the past decades, egg production in China has developed toward standardization and expansion of production systems, and many of these modern intensive farms raise millions of layers. Although the Chinese egg products maintain strong competitiveness over other animal products and imported egg products, the egg industry will grow at a slower pace compared to the past. Chinese consumers are more concerned about the quality and safety of eggs and egg products, as well as the environmental issues related to animal production, which presents challenges for the Chinese egg industry.

关键词： poultry farms China diversity egg production trends

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基于迭代算法的有源电力滤波器谐波电流实时检测新方法

李自成,孙玉坤

《中国工程科学》 2006年第8卷第1期页码 46-50

摘要：

目前，已经提出了多种有源电力滤波器谐波及无功电流检测方法，尽管这些方法各有特点，但都存在着难以克服的问题，如计算量大，实时性差，检测精度不高等。文章在负载电流分析的基础上，提出了一种基于迭代算法的有源电力滤波器谐波电流实时检测方法，该方法具有计算量非常小，实时性好，检测精度高等特点。理论分析与仿真研究证实了该方法的正确性。

关键词：有源电力滤波器谐波电流有功电流无功电流

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EGG PRODUCTION IN CHINA: CURRENT STATUS AND OUTLOOK

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第1期页码 25-34

摘要：

• China is now the largest egg production country worldwide

• Egg production in China is characterized by diversity in several aspects

• China is now capable of breeding new varieties, with more than 50% of the market share

• Policies have been implemented to ensure sustainable development of egg production

• Integrating crop-chicken-vegetable production system is established

Eggs are one of the most nutritious and affordable animal products worldwide. From 1985, egg production in China has retained the leading place in the world. A total of 33 Mt of eggs were produced in 2019 representing ˃ 40% of the world total production. Egg production in China is characterized by diversity in several aspects, including layer breeds, products and production systems. New breeds and synthetic lines are developed to improve the genetic potentials of egg production and feed efficiency of layers. In the past, layer farms were run mostly by small households with 100 to 1000 layers per farm. Over the past decades, egg production in China has developed toward standardization and expansion of production systems, and many of these modern intensive farms raise millions of layers. Although the Chinese egg products maintain strong competitiveness over other animal products and imported egg products, the egg industry will grow at a slower pace compared to the past. Chinese consumers are more concerned about the quality and safety of eggs and egg products, as well as the environmental issues related to animal production, which presents challenges for the Chinese egg industry.

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电力系统中对称和/或不对称故障的限流器阻抗优化新方法 None

Mahmoud MODARESI, Hamid LESANI

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第19卷第2期页码 297-307 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601689

摘要：为给电力网络设计者选择故障限流器（fault current limiters，FCLs）的阻抗类型和阻值，提出一种基于其在网络中的位置计算最佳FCL阻值的新方法。

关键词：故障限流器（FCL）；FCL阻抗；短路电流；故障电流；电力系统

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标题作者时间类型操作

Effect of counter current gas phase on liquid film

Shujuan LUO, Huaizhi LI, Weiyang FEI, Yundong WANG

期刊论文

Application of high-speed counter-current chromatography coupled with high performance liquid chromatography